PyGame use for Game development
Hey Hi, this is Shubham Mishra, today we will going to look at the tools and tricks to implement and run a desktop game with the help of Pygame library.
Before starting I would like to mention basic prerequisite as Python language and it should be installed in your computer. I recommend the latest python version. I used Python 3.7.0 version. If you do not have Pygame module installed then in command prompt just type 'python3 -m pip install -U pygame --user'
Pygame is one of the popular collection of modules written in python. In the below discussion I will give a working code sample for a game which I named it 'CarShoot'. If you want the complete sources just download it from my Github repo CarShootGame
Once you set up everything now it's time to run the code as 'python Car1.py' and play the game.
Before starting I would like to mention basic prerequisite as Python language and it should be installed in your computer. I recommend the latest python version. I used Python 3.7.0 version. If you do not have Pygame module installed then in command prompt just type 'python3 -m pip install -U pygame --user'
Pygame is one of the popular collection of modules written in python. In the below discussion I will give a working code sample for a game which I named it 'CarShoot'. If you want the complete sources just download it from my Github repo CarShootGame
Once you set up everything now it's time to run the code as 'python Car1.py' and play the game.
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| Pygame : Python Game Development |
The bar in the upper left corner is the progress bar for the game. The blue car is the Hero and the animal in grey (bad guy) running towards the car are the evils. Your task is to make the car run without colliding to the car and click mouse left button to fire the missile on the bad guy. At the end of the game, the score will be shown.
Now it's the time to understand the code, open Car1.py file.
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import math
import random
pygame.init()
width, height = 640, 480 # window's dimension
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
keys = [False, False, False, False] # all W-A-S-D keys for Car movement
playerpos = [100, 400]
trees = [[10, 0]]
acc = [0, 0]
arrows = []
badtimer = 100
badtimer1 = 0
badguys = [[640, 100]]
healthvalue = 194
pygame.mixer.init()
player = pygame.image.load("resources/images/Car.png")
tree = pygame.image.load("resources/images/Tree.png")
Blood= pygame.image.load("resources/images/Blood.png")
tree1 = tree
grass = pygame.image.load("resources/images/CarGrass.png")
castle = pygame.image.load("resources/images/castle.png")
road = pygame.image.load("resources/images/Road.png")
arrow = pygame.image.load("resources/images/missile11.png")
badguyimg = pygame.image.load("resources/images/badguy2.png")
healthbar = pygame.image.load("resources/images/healthbar.png")
health = pygame.image.load("resources/images/health.png")
gameover = pygame.image.load("resources/images/gameover.png")
youwin = pygame.image.load("resources/images/youwin.png")
dhamaka = pygame.image.load("resources/images/dhamaka.png")
hit = pygame.mixer.Sound("resources/audio/explode.wav")
enemy = pygame.mixer.Sound("resources/audio/enemy.wav")
shoot = pygame.mixer.Sound("resources/audio/shoot.wav")
hit.set_volume(0.05)
enemy.set_volume(0.05)
shoot.set_volume(0.05)
pygame.mixer.music.load('resources/audio/moonlight.wav')
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.25)
# keep looping through
running = 1
exitcode = 0
while running:
badtimer -= 1
# clear the screen before drawing it again
screen.fill(0)
# draw the Grass on the screen at X:100, Y:100
screen.blit(grass, (0, 0))
screen.blit(grass, (540, 0))
# draw road
screen.blit(road, (100, 0))
# Set Car position
screen.blit(player, playerpos)
# Draw arrows
for bullet in arrows:
index = 0
bullet[1] -= 40
if bullet[1] <= 0:
arrows.pop(index)
index += 1
screen.blit(arrow, (bullet[0], bullet[1]))
# Draw badgers
if badtimer == 0:
badguys.append([random.randint(100, 480), 0])
#badguys.append([random.randint(100, 480), 0])
# add tree
trees.append([random.randint(0, 20), 0])
badtimer = 100 - (badtimer1 * 2) # this is to increase rate of evils
if badtimer1 >= 40:
badtimer1 = 40
#badguys.append([random.randint(100, 480), 0])
else:
badtimer1 += 20
index = 0
playerrect = pygame.Rect(player.get_rect())
for badguy in badguys:
if badguy[1] >= 480:
badguys.pop(index)
badguy[1] += 5
# Attack-------------------------------#
badrect = pygame.Rect(badguyimg.get_rect())
badrect.top = badguy[1]
badrect.left = badguy[0]
if pygame.Rect(badrect.left,badrect.top,29,64).colliderect(playerpos[0],playerpos[1],50,100) == True:
hit.play()
healthvalue -= random.randint(5, 15)
badguys.pop(index)
screen.blit(Blood, (playerpos[0], playerpos[1]))
# Check for collisions----------------------------------------------------------------
index1 = 0
for bullet in arrows:
bullrect = pygame.Rect(arrow.get_rect())
bullrect.left = bullet[0]
bullrect.top = bullet[1]
if badrect.colliderect(bullrect):
enemy.play()
acc[0] += 1
badguys.pop(index)
arrows.pop(index1)
screen.blit(dhamaka, (bullet[0], bullet[1]))
index1 += 1
# Next bad guy
index += 1
for badguy in badguys:
screen.blit(badguyimg, badguy)
indexTree = 0
index = 0
# add trees
for tree2 in trees:
screen.blit(tree, (tree2[0], tree2[1]))
screen.blit(tree, (tree2[0]+540, tree2[1]))
if tree2[1] >= 480:
trees.pop(indexTree)
for tree2 in trees:
tree2[1] += 7
# Draw clock
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 24)
survivedtext = font.render(
str((90000 - pygame.time.get_ticks()) / 60000) + ":" + str((90000 - pygame.time.get_ticks()) / 1000 % 60).zfill(
2), True, (0, 0, 0))
textRect = survivedtext.get_rect()
textRect.topright = [635, 5]
screen.blit(survivedtext, textRect)
# Draw health bar
screen.blit(healthbar, (5, 5))
for health1 in range(healthvalue):
screen.blit(health, (health1 + 8, 8))
# update the screen
pygame.display.flip()
# loop through the events
for event in pygame.event.get():
# check if the event is the X button
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
# if it is quit the game
pygame.quit()
exit(0)
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == K_w:
keys[0] = True
elif event.key == K_a:
keys[1] = True
elif event.key == K_s:
keys[2] = True
elif event.key == K_d:
keys[3] = True
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_w:
keys[0] = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_a:
keys[1] = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_s:
keys[2] = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_d:
keys[3] = False
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
shoot.play()
acc[1] += 1
arrows.append([playerpos[0] + 20, playerpos[1] + 32])
# Move player
if keys[0] and playerpos[1] >= 5:
playerpos[1] -= 10
elif keys[2] and playerpos[1] <= 400:
playerpos[1] += 10
if keys[1] and playerpos[0] >= 100:
playerpos[0] -= 10
elif keys[3] and playerpos[0] <= 490:
playerpos[0] += 10
# Win/Lose check
if pygame.time.get_ticks() >= 90000:
running = 0
exitcode = 1
if healthvalue <= 0:
running = 0
exitcode = 0
if acc[1] != 0:
accuracy = acc[0] * 0.99 / acc[1] * 100
else:
accuracy = 0
# Win/lose display
if exitcode == 0:
pygame.font.init()
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 24)
text = font.render("Accuracy: "+str(accuracy)+"%", True, (255,0,0))
textRect = text.get_rect()
textRect.centerx = screen.get_rect().centerx
textRect.centery = screen.get_rect().centery+24
screen.blit(gameover, (0,0))
screen.blit(text, textRect)
else:
pygame.font.init()
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 24)
text = font.render("Accuracy: "+str(accuracy)+"%", True, (0,255,0))
textRect = text.get_rect()
textRect.centerx = screen.get_rect().centerx
textRect.centery = screen.get_rect().centery+24
screen.blit(youwin, (0,0))
screen.blit(text, textRect)
while 1:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
exit(0)
pygame.display.flip()
The basic logic is that to update the screen in every single millisecond with the help of while() loop. The car, bad guy, missiles are nothing but the images located at the position in the form of (X, Y) coordinate. For each iteration of while loop new position is assigned to each image if it is within the constraints or else it is removed from the screen. For below understanding I recommend you to open Car1.py file simultaneously since I will take the line number as the reference to explain the code.
I have initialized the window size, keys as all W-A-S-D keys for Car movement, player position, trees, arrows are nothing but the missiles array which is initially empty, health value.
The running is set to 1, it is the flag for games continuation. The running is set to zero for two conditions (line no: 180),
- If the health value goes below to zero
- If the timeout occurs
screen.blit() method is used to add an image to the screen at the position mentioned. The for loop at line no: 61, is for missiles released by the car. variable bullet basically has two values as its X and Y coordinate. So for each bullet in the array of arrows, bullet[0] means its X and bullet[1] means its Y position in the window. If the bullet[1] i.e. Y position goes below to zero that is it goes out of the screen, then we delete it from the arrows array.
line no: 70 to 83, It is an important portion of the code since we are written the logic to increase the rate of the bad guy as the time goes on of the game. The 'badguys' is the collection of bad guys.
At line no: 85, The 'playerrect' is the variable to get the current position of the player. This variable will be useful to check whether the bad guy has collided with the player or not.
From line no:86 to 113, the brain portion of the code as it checks collision and also takes actions based on it. The if condition at line no: 94, checks the collision between bad guy and player. If the collision is their then players health value is reduced else not. The for loop at line no: 101, checks a possible collision among bad guy and missile. If such a collision occurs then a blast image is popped up and accuracy value increased. The 'acc' has two values acc[0] is to store the number of hits among missile and bad guy, the acc[1] is to store the number of missiles fired.
The for loop at line no: 120, is to draw trees on the screen. These trees are just for representation purpose. From line no: 127 to 140, the Clock and the Health bar are drawn.
From line no: 142 to 170, all the events are captured for keyboard's key pressing and mouse clicks. Based on the event the player's position is changed.
The If conditions on line no: 181 is to check the game exit condition. Once the game over it comes out of the while loop and now its time to show the score to the user.
Enjoyed!, This is the end of our discussion. Now I want you to play with the code and make more few games.
If you want to know about Data Structure and its type visit my recent post: Data Structure and Data Structure types
See my all posts Shubham Mishra
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